China, also known as the People’s Republic of China (PRC), is a huge country in East Asia. It has a population of over 1.4 billion people, making it the second-most populated country in the world, after India. China is also the third-largest country by land area, covering nearly 9.6 million square kilometers. It stretches across five time zones and shares borders with fourteen other countries.
China is divided into 33 main areas, including provinces, autonomous regions, and cities. Beijing is the capital city, and Shanghai is its largest city by population and a major financial hub. China is considered one of the world’s first “cradles of civilization,”
China’s Geography
China has a very diverse landscape. In the north, you’ll find dry deserts like the Gobi Desert. In the south, there are lush subtropical forests. Major mountain ranges like the Himalayas separate China from its southern neighbors.
The Yangtze River and Yellow River are two of the world’s longest rivers. They flow from the Tibetan Plateau to the eastern coast, where many people live. China’s coastline along the Pacific Ocean is very long, with different seas like the Yellow Sea and South China Sea.
The world’s highest point, Mount Everest, is on China’s border with Nepal. The lowest point is Ayding Lake, which is below sea level.
Climate and Environment
China’s climate is mostly affected by dry seasons and wet monsoons. This means there are big temperature differences between winter and summer.
One big environmental challenge is the expansion of deserts, especially the Gobi. China has planted many trees to help stop sandstorms. Water pollution and air pollution are also major concerns. China is working to reduce pollution and has invested a lot in renewable energy. It’s the world leader in making and using renewable energy technologies.
The Three Gorges Dam is the largest hydroelectric dam in the world.
China is the world’s largest producer of many crops, including rice and wheat. It has a climate that is very good for farming.
Amazing Animals and Plants
A giant panda, China’s most famous endangered and endemic species, at the Chengdu Panda Base in Sichuan.
China is one of the most biodiverse countries in the world, meaning it has a huge variety of animals and plants. It’s home to many mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians.
Some famous animals include the giant panda, which is an endangered species found only in China. Many animal species are threatened due to human activities like habitat loss. China has created many nature reserves to protect its wildlife.
China also has over 32,000 types of plants. You can find cold coniferous forests in the north and subtropical forests in the south. Tropical rainforests in areas like Yunnan are home to a quarter of all China’s animal and plant species.
Source: Kids Encyclopedia Facts
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