A place to grow your relationship with God

Serves 6-8

Ingredients:

  • 2 cups grated zucchini
  • 2 cups water
  • 1 tablespoon dried minced onion
  • 2 chicken bouillon cubes
  • Grated pepper
  • 1 teaspoon garlic powder
  • 1 teaspoon dillweed
  • 1/2 teaspoon nutmeg
  • 1(13-ounce) evaporated milk
  • 1/2 cup water
  • 2 tablespoons cornstarch

What to do

  1. In a 2-quart casserole combine zucchini, water, onion, bouillon cubes, pepper, garlic powder, dillweed, and nutmeg.
  2. Microwave for 8 minutes on HIGH.
  3. Puree in blender. Pour back into bowl.
  4. In a small dish combine the com starch with the 1/2 cup water: mix well.
  5. Pour into the puree, add the can of milk, and microwave the entire mixture until thick, for 5-8 minutes on HIGH.
  6. Refrigerate to cool. Serve as a cold soup with garish of paprika and parsley.
Glass Marbles

Ancient Origins of Marbles

  • Marbles have been found in archaeological sites worldwide, including the Indus Valley (Cira 2500 BC), ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia, Greece, and Rome, indicating their long- standing presence as a source of play.
  • Early marbles were made from stone, clay, nut, and fruit pits, polish or fired to create small spheres.
  • Roman children often played game with nuts, and references to this game appear in literature such as Ovid’s poem ‘nux”. Bas-reliefs from Roman times Depict children engaged in marbles game, and Early glass marbles have been found in Europe, though some may have originated as jewelry.

Medieval and Early Modern Europe

  • During the Middle Ages, marbles became popular in Europe. In Germany around 1503, authorities regulated marble games to specific areas, and marbles produced from marble, alabaster, agate, and limestone were polished for play.
  • Germany later became the center of marble craftsmanship, with water-powered stone mills turning raw marble and alabaster into perfectly shaped spheres by the 17th century Glass marbles emerged in Venice, Italy, and by the mid-19th century, German glassmakers invented marble scissors, allowing precise cutting of molten glass into uniform spheres.

Introduction to America and Industrialization

  • Marbles were brought to the United States by early settlers, and the first American mass-produced clay marbles were made by Samuel C. Dyke in Akron, Ohio, in the 1880s.
  • In the early 1900s, Martin Frederick Christensen invented machinery to produce glass marbles efficiently in Akron, marking the beginning of largescale U.S. glass marble production. His machinery could produce up to 10,000 marbles per day, creating more uniform and affordable marbles
  • The Akro Agate Company, founded in 1911 in West Virginia, quickly became a dominant manufacturer, controlling much of the U.S. market by the 1920s.

Golden Age and Global Expansion

  • The 1920s and 1930s are known as the “Golden Age of Marbles,” with marble games thriving as a popular children’s pastime. Companies like Peltier Glass, Christensen Agate, and Akro Agate produced colorful, decorative, and collectible marbles, including picture marbles showcasing comic-strip characters.
  • Post World 2, inexpensive Japanese cat’s eye marbles flooded Global markets, overtaking American production.

Modern Marbles and Collecting

  • Today, marbles are both games and collectibles, with art glass marbles created by artisans worldwide Machine-made marbles continue to be produced predominantly in Mexico and China for global distribution.
  • The British and World Marbles Championship in Tinsley Green, England, is still held annually since 1932, highlighting the enduring legacy of marble games.

Things to do with Marbles

Here are 25 Games with marbles that you can play. There are others game with Marbles like Chinese checkers

  • Classic Marbles [1]
  • Bullseye Marbles[2]
  • Mini Marble Golf [3]
  • Booby Trap [4]
  • Off The Wall [5]
  • What Decade? [6]
  • Color Match [7]
  • Bounce Eye [8]
  • The Conqueror [9]
  • Marble Obstacle Racing[10]
  • Marble Tilt [11]
  • Eggs in a Basket [12]
  • Thin Ice [13]
  • Marble Box [14]
  • Marble Skee Ball [15]
  • Marble Racetrack [16]
  • Pool Noodle Marble Race [17]
  • Newton’s Cradle [18]
  • Marble Cup [19]
  • Valentins Marble [20]
  • Guess How Many [21]
  • Marble Roll [22]
  • Pacman Marble [23]
  • Marble Painting [24]
  • Floating Marbles [25]
Clay marbles painted

Easy Homemade Marbles:

You can make homemade marbles using 2 cups of flour, 1 cup of salt, and 1 cup of water, adjusting slightly for texture as needed. Basic Ingredients and Ratio For a standard salt dough or homemade clay to form marbles:

Ingredients for a large batch (for large groups)

  • Oven
  • Wax paper
  • Baking sheet,
  • 2 1 teaspoons [To form the shooter]
  • 2 1/4 teaspoons [ To form the small Marbles]
  • 2 cups Flour
  • 1 cup Salt
  • 1 cup Water
  • Paints [for decoration]
  • Glitter [for decoration]

Ingredients for a small batch (for 1 person)

  • Oven
  • Wax paper
  • Baking sheet,
  • 2 1 teaspoons [To form the shooter]
  • 2 1/4 teaspoons [To form the small Marbles]
  • 1/2 cup Flour
  • 1/4 cup Salt
  • 1/4 cup Water
  • Paints [for decoration]
  • Glitter [for decoration]

What to do

  1. Cover: your workspace with wax paper.
  2. Combine Dry Ingredients: In a mixing bowl, mix the flour and salt thoroughly.
  3. Add Water: Gradually: Slowly pour in the water while stirring. Mix until a rough dough begins to form
  4. Knead the Dough: Place the dough on a lightly floured surface and knead for 5–10 minutes until it is smooth and pliable.
  5. If the dough: feels dry, add a tablespoon of water at a time; if too sticky, sprinkle in a little flour
  6. Form Marbles: Take small portions and roll them between your palms to form round marbles.
  7. To Ensure: they are smooth and even get two 1/4 teaspoons, put the small ball in them, and push them together. Then roll the ball around one more time in the palm of your hand. Do the same thing with two 1/2 teaspoons to make the shooter.
  8. Drying/Curing: You can either air dry the marbles for 24–48 hours or bake them in a low oven at around 200°F (93°C) for 2–3 hours, turning occasionally to prevent cracking
  9. Time to decoration: Decoration it will what you like .

Tips for Best Results

  • Use all-purpose flour for optimal texture; avoid self-rising flour.
  • Kneading well ensures a smooth, workable dough that holds its shape.
  • For firmer marbles, slightly increase the flour; for softer or more pliable dough, increase water slightly.
  • Store leftover dough in an airtight container in the fridge for a few days.
  • Optionally, you can paint or glaze baked marbles once fully hardened for decoration

Chapter 3: More Money Troubles

Vocabulary

Stall: A stand or booth for the sale of goods.
Laundress: A woman who washes laundry for a living.
Fishmonger: A person who sells fish for a living.
Junket: A dish of sweetened and flavored curds of milk, often served with fruit.
Organ-grinder: A street musician who plays a type of organ.

Chapter 3: More Money Troubles

And soon now the Doctor began to make money again; and his sister, Sarah, bought a new dress and was happy.

Some of the animals who came to see him were so sick that they had to stay at the Doctor’s house for a week. And when they were getting better they used to sit in chairs on the lawn.

And often even after they got well, they did not want to go away-they liked the Doctor and his house very much. And he never had the heart to refuse them when they asked if they could stay with him. So in this way he went on getting more and more pets.

Once when he was sitting on his garden wall, smoking a pipe in the evening, an Italian organ-grinder came round with a monkey on a string. The Doctor saw at once that the monkey’s collar was too tight and that he was dirty and unhappy. So he took the monkey away from the Italian, gave the man a shilling and told him to go. The organ-grinder got awfully angry and said that he wanted to keep the monkey. But the Doctor told him that if he didn’t go away he would punch him on the nose. John Dolittle was a strong man, though he wasn’t very tall. So the Italian went away saying rude things and the monkey stayed with Doctor Dolittle and had a good home. The other animals in the house called him “Chee-Chee”-which is a common word in monkey-language, meaning “ginger.”

And another time, when the circus came to Puddleby, the crocodile who had a bad toothache escaped at night and came into the Doctor’s garden. The Doctor talked to him in crocodile-language and took him into the house and made his tooth better. But when the crocodile saw what a nice house it was-with all the different places for the different kinds of animals-he too wanted to live with the Doctor. He asked couldn’t he sleep in the fish-pond at the bottom of the garden, if he promised not to eat the fish. When the circus-men came to take him back he got so wild and savage that he frightened them away. But to everyone in the house he was always as gentle as a kitten.

But now the old ladies grew afraid to send their lap-dogs to Doctor Dolittle because of the crocodile; and the farmers wouldn’t believe that he would not eat the lambs and sick calves they brought to be cured. So the Doctor went to the crocodile and told him he must go back to his circus. But he wept such big tears, and begged so hard to be allowed to stay, that the Doctor hadn’t the heart to turn him out.

So then the Doctor’s sister came to him and said,

“John, you must send that creature away. Now the farmers and the old ladies are afraid to send their animals to you-just as we were beginning to be well off again. Now we shall be ruined entirely. This is the last straw. I will no longer be housekeeper for you if you don’t send away that alligator.”

“It isn’t an alligator,” said the Doctor-“it’s a crocodile.”

“I don’t care what you call it,” said his sister. “It’s a nasty thing to find under the bed. I won’t have it in the house.”

“But he has promised me,” the Doctor answered, “that he will not bite any one. He doesn’t like the circus; and I haven’t the money to send him back to Africa where he comes from. He minds his own business and on the whole is very well behaved. Don’t be so fussy.”

“I tell you I will not have him around,” said Sarah. “He eats the linoleum. If you don’t send him away this minute I’ll-I’ll go and get married!”

“All right,” said the Doctor, “go and get married. It can’t be helped.” And he took down his hat and went out into the garden.

So, Sarah Dolittle packed up her things and went off; and the Doctor was left all alone with his animal family.

And very soon he was poorer than he had ever been before. With all these mouths to feed, and the house to look after, and no one to do the mending, and no money coming in to pay the butcher’s bill, things began to look very difficult. But the Doctor didn’t worry at all.

“Money is a nuisance,” he used to say. “We’d all be much better off if it had never been invented. What does money matter, so long as we are happy?”

But soon the animals themselves began to get worried. And one evening when the Doctor was asleep in his chair before the kitchen-fire they began talking it over among themselves in whispers. And the owl, Too-Too, who was good at arithmetic, figured it out that there was only money enough left to last another week-if they each had one meal a day and no more.

Then the parrot said, “I think we all ought to do the housework ourselves. At least we can do that much. After all, it is for our sakes that the old man finds himself so lonely and so poor.”

So it was agreed that the monkey, Chee-Chee, was to do the cooking and mending; the dog was to sweep the floors; the duck was to dust and make the beds; the owl, Too-Too, was to keep the accounts, and the pig was to do the gardening. They made Polynesia, the parrot, housekeeper and laundress, because she was the oldest.

Of course at first they all found their new jobs very hard to do-all except Chee-Chee, who had hands, and could do things like a man. But they soon got used to it; and they used to think it great fun to watch Jip, the dog, sweeping his tail over the floor with a rag tied onto it for a broom. After a little they got to do the work so well that the Doctor said that he had never had his house kept so tidy or so clean before.

In this way things went along all right for a while; but without money they found it very hard.

Then the animals made a vegetable and flower stall outside the garden-gate and sold radishes and roses to the people that passed by along the road.

But still they didn’t seem to make enough money to pay all the bills-and still the Doctor wouldn’t worry. When the parrot came to him and told him that the fishmonger wouldn’t give them anymore fish, he said,

“Never mind. So long as the hens lay eggs and the cow gives milk we can have omelettes and junket. And there are plenty of vegetables left in the garden. The Winter is still a long way off. Don’t fuss. That was the trouble with Sarah-she would fuss. I wonder how Sarah’s getting on-an excellent woman-in some ways-Well, well!”

But the snow came earlier than usual that year; and although the old lame horse hauled in plenty of wood from the forest outside the town, so they could have a big fire in the kitchen, most of the vegetables in the garden were gone, and the rest were covered with snow; and many of the animals were really hungry.

Biblical Foundation

The concept of the five-fold ministry originates from Ephesians 4:11-13, where the Apostle Paul describes these roles as gifts given by Christ to the church. The purpose of these ministries is to equip believers for service, promote unity in faith, and help the church reach maturity in Christ.

Ephesians

  • And he gave some, apostles; and some, prophets; and some, evangelists; and some, pastors and teachers;
  • For the perfecting of the saints, for the work of the ministry, for the edifying of the body of Christ:
  • Till we all come in the unity of the faith, and of the knowledge of the Son of God, unto a perfect man, unto the measure of the stature of the fulness of Christ:


Roles and Functions

Apostles: Often seen as foundational leaders, apostles are responsible for pioneering new works and establishing churches. They provide vision and direction, ensuring that the church remains aligned with God’s mission.

Prophets: Prophets are called to discern and declare God’s Word, guiding the church towards faithfulness and holiness. They serve as spiritual voices, often calling the community to repentance and deeper commitment to God.

Evangelists: Tasked with spreading the gospel, evangelists gather people into the church and encourage outreach efforts. They play a crucial role in expanding the church’s reach and bringing new believers into the faith.

Pastors: Pastors provide care and guidance to the congregation, nurturing spiritual growth and fostering community. They are often seen as shepherds who protect and lead their flock.

Teachers: Teachers are responsible for instructing and grounding believers in biblical truth. They help the church understand scripture and apply it to their lives, ensuring that the congregation is well-equipped for ministry.

The Lord’s Army

Now let’s put this another way. We are called to be soldiers in the Lord’s Army. That is why Paul tells us to put on the whole armor of God. Click here for more information on the Armor of God.

We are not called to be seat warmers in a building on Sunday Mornings. We are called to fight against the forces of darkness. Every part of the fivefold ministry is for the equipping of the saints to the work of God. Now I am going to loosely use the military rankings of the United States Army to put things into a military perspective so that you can better understand you job in the Lord’s Army.

Private: Everyone starts off as a private. This is the lowest level. It is at this point that you still have learning to do. You have just accepted Jesus as your Lord and Savior. Now it is time to start learning how to live as Christ would want you to live.

  • In the real army there are several levels of the rank of private. These levels are like you learning and growing in faith.
  • Some will rank up all the way into the five-fold ministry. Others will be the general soldiers.
    • Both are needed. General soldiers are the general workers. The others are the future leaders of the church community.
    • All are important to the body of Christ.

Drill Sergent: This would be the teachers. Now just because I am relating teachers to the rank of Drill Sergent does not mean I think teachers should act like a Drill Sergent is portrayed on television. Teachers are to be

  • patient
  • loving
  • kind
  • caring
  • knowledgeable

Remember that the teachers are in charge of training the next generation of soldiers and some of them will be all of the other rankings. This ranking and job should be taken seriously.

Colonel: This would be the pastor of the local church. They are also the shepherd of the congregation. They are the organizers of the local body. Their job is to ensure that everyone is where they are supposed to be.

  • They shepherd the privates into the various classes.
  • They look after the various groups within the congregation and see what needs to be done.
  • They have some helpers that we call deacons.
    • They organize them into sections and send them out to see to the needs of the church.
      • feeding the widows
      • feeding the orphans
      • making sure the teachers have what they need to teach

The Deacons would be like the Lieutenant Colonels. They are not the head of the church, but they sure help run the church and keep things running smoothly.

Commissioned officer: This would be the Evangelists and Apostles

  • The rank of a recruiting officer in the Army is typically classified as a commissioned officer. Commissioned officers are leaders who command Army units and make strategic decisions. The ranks of commissioned officers range from Lieutenant (O-1) to General (O-10), with each rank indicating a higher level of responsibility and command authority.

Their job is to go out and recruit others (find the new privates). They do this in various ways. The Evangelists usually does this closer to home. The Apostles are usually who we now call missionaries.

The Military Intelligence Officer: This would be the prophet. Their job is similar to that of the lookout guard. In the Bible, there would-be people positioned in the watch towers. Their job was to alert the people of approaching danger. In the military today that is similar to the job of the intelligence officer. They are responsible for gathering the information needed to guard the church body from false prophets, false teachings, and anything else that would hinder the work of God.

  • The rank of a Military Intelligence Officer in the U.S. Army typically starts at the rank of Captain (O-6). They are responsible for supervising the Military Intelligence process for unit commanders and leading intelligence operations. The rank progression for Military Intelligence Officers includes:
    Lieutenant (O-4)
    Captain (O-6)
    Major (O-5)
    Lieutenant Colonel (O-6)
    Colonel (O-7)
    Brigadier General (O-8)
    Major General (O-9)
    Lieutenant General (O-9)
    General (O-10)
    These ranks reflect the leadership capabilities and responsibilities of the officer in the intelligence field.

Everyone has a job in the army. Everyone has a job in the body of Christ. The Church needs to take their jobs just as seriously as the military takes it job.

THE FIRST SEVEN PHRASES IN GENESIS (1:1)

In the English Bible, Genesis 1:1 reads, “In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.” This ten-word statement consists of seven Hebrew words in the Hebrew text. Below is a chart with the verse with the Hebrew words and the English.

In the beginningרֵאשִׁית Bereshit
createdבָּרָא barah
Godאֱלֹהִים Elohim
This word is not translated. It is the 1st letter of the Hebrew alphabet.א (Aleph)
This word is not translated. It is the last letter of the Hebrew alphabet.ת  (Tav)
the heavens (in KJV it is translated heaven). The Hebrew word indicate the plural sense in other places.תשָׁמַיִם hashamayim
and theוְאֵ֥ת vehet
earthהָאָֽרֶץ haeretz

At the very center of this Hebrew phrase are the two letters Alef and Tav, left untranslated. These letters often pronounced “et,” appear throughout the Hebrew Scriptures and serve in grammar as a marker indicating that the word following is the definite direct object.


Some believe this seven-word Hebrew phrase depicts the ancient temple’s golden candlestick, the menorah.

The temple menorah had seven branches, with the central shaft known as the “servant branch.” In Revelation 1:8, Jesus is described as standing among seven golden candlesticks (a menorah) and declaring, “I am Alpha and Omega,” the first and last letters of the Greek alphabet. In Hebrew, He would have said, “I am the Alef and the Tav,” the first and last letters of the Hebrew alphabet. Reading Genesis 1:1 this way— “In the beginning God created the Alef-Tav”—suggests that God declared the end from the beginning, and that Christ was with God from the very start. Viewed as a menorah, the center represents the Alef-Tav, the same position as the “servant branch.” From Christ flows the anointing oil, as He promised to send the Holy Spirit to all believers. Remember that Jesus came not to be served but to serve.

  • Mark 10:45 For even the Son of man came not to be ministered unto, but to minister, and to give his life a ransom for many.

So, likening him to the “Servant Branch” describes what Jesus came to do according to Mark 10:45.

The Stations of the Cross, also called the Way of the Cross, Way of Suffering, or Via Dolorosa, is a series of fourteen images depicting scenes from the day of Jesus Christ’s crucifixion, each accompanied by prayers. It is inspired by the Via Dolorosa in Jerusalem, a traditional route symbolizing the path Jesus walked from the Lion’s Gate to Mount Calvary. Its purpose is to guide Christians on a spiritual journey through reflection on the Passion of Christ. This devotion is widely practiced and found in many Western Christian traditions, including the Roman Catholic, Lutheran, Anglican, and Methodist churches.

Typically, a set of fourteen images is arranged in numerical order along a path, where the faithful, alone or in procession, move from one station to the next, stopping at each one to pray and reflect on its meaning. These devotions are especially common during Lent, particularly on Good Friday, and express a spirit of reparation for the suffering and humiliations that Jesus endured during his Passion. As a physical act of devotion involving standing and kneeling, the Stations of the Cross are closely related to the Christian themes of repentance and self-denial.

The style, form, and location of the Stations of the Cross can vary considerably. Traditional versions typically consist of small plaques with reliefs or paintings arranged around the central part of a church. Modern, minimalist versions may be simple crosses with a number in the center. Sometimes, the Stations of the Cross are prayed without images, such as when the Pope leads the devotion around the Colosseum in Rome on Good Friday.

This devotion is not obligatory, but it is a good way to remember the supreme sacrifice Jesus made, offering his life to save us from our sins. This devotion helps foster gratitude for what Jesus did and encourages believers to carry their own crosses in life, enduring inevitable suffering.

Whether or not you participate in the Stations of the Cross, the Bible commands us to remember the Lord’s death until his return.

  • 1 Corintios 11:23-26
    • For I received from the Lord what I also passed on to you: The Lord Jesus, on the night he was betrayed, took bread,
    • and when he had given thanks, he broke it and said, “Take, eat; this is my body, which is broken for you; do this in remembrance of me.”
    • In the same way, after supper he took the cup, saying, “This cup is the new covenant in my blood; do this, whenever you drink it, in remembrance of me.”
    • For whenever you eat this bread and drink this cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death until he comes.

Here are the Stations of the Cross according to tradition. Biblical references are included whenever possible.

1. Jesus is condemned to death.

  • Luke 23:24-25
    • Then Pilate sentenced that their request should be granted; and he released to them the man who had been thrown into prison for sedition and murder, the one they had asked for; and he handed Jesus over to their will.

2. Jesus takes up his cross.

  • John 19:17
    • And he, carrying his cross, went out to the place called the Place of the Skull, which in Hebrew is called Golgotha;

3. Jesus falls for the first time (by inference from Stations 2 and 5).

4. Jesus meets his grieving mother (by inference from John 19:25-27).

  • John 19:25-27
    • Standing near the cross of Jesus were his mother, his mother’s sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene.
    • When Jesus saw his mother and the disciple whom he loved standing nearby, he said to his mother, “Woman, here is your son.”
    • Then he said to the disciple, “Here is your mother.” From that hour on, the disciple took her into his home.

5. Simon of Cyrene helps carry the cross.

  • Matthew 27:32
    • As they were going out, they found a man from Cyrene named Simon, and they forced him to carry the cross.

6. Veronica wipes the face of Jesus (an episode not recorded in the Scriptures).

  • The Bible does not recount the story of Veronica wiping Jesus’ face on the way to Calvary. Instead, her story appears in a work called the “Acts of Pilate,” which identifies her as the woman who had suffered from hemorrhages for twelve years, approached Jesus from behind, touched the hem of his garment, and was healed (Matthew 9:20-22). This non-canonical text also claims that Jesus left the image of his face imprinted on the cloth she used. The story goes on to say that Veronica later traveled to Rome and healed Emperor Tiberius by showing him a painting of Christ that she had made after her own healing.

7. Jesus falls for the second time (this event is not recorded in the Scriptures).

8. Jesus meets the holy women of Jerusalem.

  • Luke 23:27-31
    • And a great multitude of the people followed him, and of women who were weeping and lamenting for him.
    • But Jesus, turning to them, said, “Daughters of Jerusalem, do not weep for me, but weep for yourselves and for your children.
    • For behold, the days are coming when they will say, ‘Blessed are the barren, and the wombs that never bore children, and the breasts that never nursed.’
    • Then they will begin to say to the mountains, ‘Fall on us!’ and to the hills, ‘Cover us!’
    • For if they do these things in the green wood, what will happen in the dry?”

9. Jesus falls for the third time (this event is not recorded in the Scriptures).

10. Jesus is stripped of his clothes.

  • John 19:23
    • When the soldiers had crucified Jesus, they took his clothes and divided them into four parts, one for each soldier. They also took his tunic, which was seamless, woven in one piece from top to bottom.

11. Jesus is nailed to the cross.

  • Mark 15:24
    • And when they had crucified him, they parted his garments, casting lots upon them, what every man should take.

12. Jesus dies on the cross.

  • Mark 15:37
    • And Jesus cried with a loud voice, and gave up the ghost.

13. Jesus’ body is taken down from the cross.

  • Luke 23:52-53
    • He went to Pilate and asked for the body of Jesus.
    • And taking it down, he wrapped it in a linen cloth and laid it in a tomb cut into the rock, where no one had yet been laid.

14. Jesus’ body is placed in the tomb.

  • Matthew 27:59-60
    • And Joseph took the body, wrapped it in a clean linen shroud,
    • and placed it in his own new tomb, which he had cut out of the rock; and after rolling a large stone to the entrance of the tomb, he went away.

Yes, I am aware that the penny has been discontinued. However, I believe that the exercises will still benefit the child in learning to count and do math.

Directions

Gather 100 pennies per child. If need be, substitute another item for the penny

Have children complete the steps below.

Have children practice until they perfectly master each task.

STEP 1 – WHAT IS A PENNY?

Children identify the penny. This is a good time to explain that the penny was available in the US for many years. However, it has since been discontinued.

  • Direct the children to examine the front and back of a penny. Ask the children to verbally describe what they see.
  • Have children hold up a penny and recite, ‘1 penny is worth 1 cent.’

STEP 2 – COMBINE AND SEPARATE

Children combine and separate pennies.

  • Ask children to group 5 pennies together.
  • Have children group 10 pennies together.
  • Ask children to divide the 10 pennies into 2 groups of 5.
  • Have children group 25 pennies together.
  • Ask children to divide the 25 pennies into 5 groups of 5.
  • Have children group 100 pennies together.
  • Ask children to divide the 100 pennies into 10 groups of 10.
  • Ask children to divide the 100 pennies into 4 groups of 25.
  • Have children divide the 100 pennies into 5 groups of 20.
  • Ask children, ‘How many cents is one penny worth?’

STEP 3 – PLAY STORE

Play store with children, where children show the amount of money required to buy pretend items.

  • Say to children, ‘You decide to buy a toy boat for 51 cents. Show me how many pennies you must pay the cashier.’
  • Say to children, ‘You decide to buy an apple for 76 cents. Show me how many pennies you must pay the cashier.’
  • Say to children, ‘You decide to buy a cookie for 33 cents. Show me how many pennies you must pay the cashier.’

EL ÁRBOL INFÉRTIL

Un hombre tenía una higuera plantada en su viñedo, y fue a buscar fruto en ella, pero no encontró ninguno. Entonces llamó al jardinero que cuidaba su viñedo y le dijo: «Hace tres años que vengo buscando fruto en esta higuera y no encuentro nada. Córtala. ¿Por qué ocupa espacio inútilmente?»

El jardinero le respondió: «Señor, déjala un año más. La cavaré y la abonaré. Si da fruto, bien; pero si no, entonces podrás cortarla».

En esta parábola, la viña representa el mundo, y la higuera, a las personas impías cuyas vidas no producen buenas obras, que no dan fruto al servicio de Dios. El dueño de la viña, es decir, Dios, destruiría a esas personas, pero Cristo intercede por ellas para que tengan tiempo de arrepentirse. «Él no quiere que nadie perezca, sino que todos lleguen al arrepentimiento». Cristo vino y buscó transformar los corazones de los hombres y hacer que sus vidas fueran fructíferas para Dios. La advertencia ha sido dada, y cuando el dueño de la viña vuelva a buscar buenos frutos, los árboles estériles serán destruidos.

¿Soy yo un árbol estéril, amado Señor? ¿Un estorbo en la tierra? ¡Oh, dame la gracia de ser fructífero y de abundar en tu obra!

To the Church in Philadelphia:

Revelations 3:713

  • And to the angel of the church in Philadelphia write; These things saith he that is holy, he that is true, he that hath the key of David, he that openeth, and no man shutteth; and shutteth, and no man openeth;
  • I know thy works: behold, I have set before thee an open door, and no man can shut it: for thou hast a little strength, and hast kept my word, and hast not denied my name.
  • Behold, I will make them of the synagogue of Satan, which say they are Jews, and are not, but do lie; behold, I will make them to come and worship before thy feet, and to know that I have loved thee.
  • Because thou hast kept the word of my patience, I also will keep thee from the hour of temptation, which shall come upon all the world, to try them that dwell upon the earth.
  • Behold, I come quickly: hold that fast which thou hast, that no man take thy crown.
  • Him that overcometh will I make a pillar in the temple of my God, and he shall go no more out: and I will write upon him the name of my God, and the name of the city of my God, which is new Jerusalem, which cometh down out of heaven from my God: and I will write upon him my new name.
  • He that hath an ear, let him hear what the Spirit saith unto the churches.

History:

Philadelphia was located about 30 miles southeast of Bardia, about 30 miles southeast of Sardis and about 70 miles east of Smyrna, and lay at the upper end of a broad valley that passed through Sardis and near Smyrna. The city of Philadelphia was located at the foot of a mountain plateau in the area today known as West Central Turkey. It was built on an important travel route linking the city with Laodicea to the south.

Like Sardis Philadelphia was almost destroyed by the massive earthquakes in southwest Asia Minor in AD 17. The tremors continued for years. It was later rebuilt with the assistance of Emperor Tiberius.

When the Moslems overran Asia Minor in the fourteenth century A.D., Philadelphia resisted far longer than other cities and became an island for Christianity. The city exists today as the Turkish town of Alasehir and contains the ruins of many ancient churches.

Wine making, wool production, and agriculture were primary industries in the city.

Notes:

  • Its name means “Brotherly Love” and represents the faithful church in all ages.
  • The reference to the key of David is taken from Isaiah 22:22, where it relates messianic authority.
    • Isaiah 22:22
      • And the key of the house of David will I lay upon his shoulder; so he shall open, and none shall shut; and he shall shut, and none shall open.
  • The reference to “The open door”, which no man can shut, refers to an opportunity for testimony and service.
    • The city sat on a mountain pass which served as a doorway to the Anatolian hill country
  • Those who are of the synagogue of Satan are probably unbelieving Jews or Judaizers.
  • Because thou hast kept the word of my patience, I also will keep thee from the hour of temptation, which shall come upon all the world, to try them that dwell upon the earth.
    • This is saying that God will keep those who keeps His word from the temptation that everyone else must face.
      • 1 Corinthians 10:13
        • There hath no temptation taken you but such as is common to man: but God is faithful, who will not suffer you to be tempted above that ye are able; but will with the temptation also make a way to escape, that ye may be able to bear it.
      • The word “temptation” is from the same Greek word.
        • πειρασμός peirasmós, pi-ras-mos’; from G3985; a putting to proof (by experiment (of good), experience (of evil), solicitation, discipline or provocation); by implication, adversity:—temptation, × try.
  • Behold, I come quickly: hold that fast which thou hast, that no man take thy crown.
    • Jesus is coming back. So, hold tightly to the Word of God and you will receive a crown.
    • This is probably referring to the crown of life.
      • James 1:12
        • Blessed is the man that endureth temptation: for when he is tried, he shall receive the crown of life, which the Lord hath promised to them that love him.
  • Him that overcometh will I make a pillar in the temple of my God, and he shall go no more out: and I will write upon him the name of my God, and the name of the city of my God, which is new Jerusalem, which cometh down out of heaven from my God: and I will write upon him my new name.
    •  In Philadelphia, powerful earthquakes toppled buildings; temples withstood tremors because their pillars were massive and immovable.
      • Two bronze pillars—Jachin (“He establishes”) and Boaz (“In Him is strength”)—stood at Solomon’s temple entrance (1 Kings 7:15-22).
        • Believers familiar with those names would immediately hear stability and strength.
      • Pillars carried inscriptions honoring kings or donors; Jesus promises His own name instead.
    • What Being a Pillar Signifies for Believers Today
      • Permanent Residence in God’s Presence
        • John 14:3
          • And if I go and prepare a place for you, I will come again, and receive you unto myself; that where I am, there ye may be also.
      • Stability and Strength
        • God establishes and upholds us
          • Psalm 40:2
            • He brought me up also out of an horrible pit, out of the miry clay, and set my feet upon a rock, and established my goings.
      • Galatians 2:9 calls James, Cephas, and John “pillars,” believers God uses to support others.
        • And when James, Cephas, and John, who seemed to be pillars, perceived the grace that was given unto me, they gave to me and Barnabas the right hands of fellowship; that we should go unto the heathen, and they unto the circumcision.
      • Honor and Visibility
        • Pillars stand at the front; Christ publicly honors faithful believers
          • John 12:26
            • If any man serve me, let him follow me; and where I am, there shall also my servant be: if any man serve me, him will my Father honour.
      • Bearing God’s Name
        • Names signify ownership and character
          • Isaiah 43:1
            • But now thus saith the Lord that created thee, O Jacob, and he that formed thee, O Israel, Fear not: for I have redeemed thee, I have called thee by thy name; thou art mine.
        • Three inscriptions promised:
          • – the name of God (belonging to Him),
          • – the name of the New Jerusalem (citizenship),
          • – Christ’s “new name” (shared identity with the victorious King).
      • Participation in the Living Temple
        • Ephesians 2:19-22—believers built together into a dwelling of God.
          • Now therefore ye are no more strangers and foreigners, but fellowcitizens with the saints, and of the household of God;
          • And are built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Jesus Christ himself being the chief corner stone;
          • In whom all the building fitly framed together groweth unto an holy temple in the Lord:
          • In whom ye also are builded together for an habitation of God through the Spirit.
        • 1 Peter 2:5—“living stones” offering spiritual sacrifices.
          •  Ye also, as lively stones, are built up a spiritual house, an holy priesthood, to offer up spiritual sacrifices, acceptable to God by Jesus Christ.
        • Revelation 21:22—God and the Lamb are the eternal temple; pillars share their glory forever.
          • And I saw no temple therein: for the Lord God Almighty and the Lamb are the temple of it.